{"id":13813,"date":"2025-04-24T12:58:17","date_gmt":"2025-04-24T12:58:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kurita-eu-gudza2cjbzfhcwbx.francecentral-01.azurewebsites.net\/?page_id=13813"},"modified":"2026-07-16T07:55:56","modified_gmt":"2026-07-16T07:55:56","slug":"hoa-dau","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/vi\/quy-trinh-xu-ly\/hoa-dau\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00f3a d\u1ea7u"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>
<\/div>
H\u00f3a d\u1ea7u<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o d\u00e0nh cho ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t bao g\u1ed3m hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n, \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh cao v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>

Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u nhu c\u1ea7u, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i; c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia gi\u00e0u kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9ng qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra.<\/p>

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0103n m\u00f2n, c\u1eb7n b\u00e1m v\u00e0 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, Kurita ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0:<\/p>

  • C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e1 nh\u0169 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u00e1c pha nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/li>
  • C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o polymer ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn d\u00e0nh cho c\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc trong quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/li>
  • C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u1eb7n d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecf t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u00e1p r\u1eeda ki\u1ec1m<\/li>
  • Ph\u1ee5 gia l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 kh\u1eed nhi\u1ec5m th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/li>
  • C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed b\u1ecdt hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n d\u00e0nh cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng amin v\u00e0 c\u1ed9t t\u00e1ch<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPh\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh coke trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ethylene<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t

    Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hydrocacbon \u1edf d\u1ea1ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ethylene. Naphtha, d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u ch\u01b0a chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c c\u1eb7n t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hydrocracking l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u1ecfng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00ed ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m ethane, propane v\u00e0 butane. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc pha lo\u00e3ng, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn v\u00e0o l\u00f2 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. L\u00f2 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i tim v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ethylene. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u1edf pha kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n. Ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, n\u00e9n v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o c\u1ed1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u1edbn trong ph\u1ea7n b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea3i. Vi\u1ec7c pha lo\u00e3ng b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ri\u00eang ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a hydrocacbon trong c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m xu h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng coke tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng l\u00f2.<\/p><\/div><\/div>

    C\u1ed1c l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u00fac t\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ed1c d\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3i. Trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ed1c l\u00e0 do niken v\u00e0 s\u1eaft tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ee3p kim. C\u1ed1c v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong pha kh\u00ed. S\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, suy gi\u1ea3m truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u cao h\u01a1n g\u00e2y ra t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u1ed1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng l\u00ean. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh coke th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n nhanh h\u01a1n. Coke \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u1edbi h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 nung ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc.\u00a0 C\u00e1c chu k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u1eb7n than \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cu\u1ed9n \u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 n\u1ee9t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>

    Vi\u1ec7c phun li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o sunfua l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ed1c. DMS v\u00e0 DMDS l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o sunfua n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sunfua. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n. DMS v\u00e0 DMDS r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m. C\u1ea3 hai ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia t\u1ea1o l\u1edbp sunfua n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u00f9i r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu v\u00e0 DMDS th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che m\u00f9i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o m\u00f9i. Ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1edbp ch\u00e1y th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. DMDS ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng k\u00edn d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t nit\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nguy c\u01a1 h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n.<\/p>

    Kurita c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 b\u01a1m c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t polysulfide. C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t polysulfide c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh kh\u00ed carbon monoxide (CO) kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cung c\u1ea5p DMDS nh\u01b0ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 CUT-COKE. CUT-COKE c\u1ee7a Kurita \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng nguy h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u1eed l\u00fd hay b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. \u0110i\u1ec3m ch\u1edbp ch\u00e1y cao kho\u1ea3ng 100\u00b0C gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 ch\u00e1y ch\u1edbp nho\u00e1ng. M\u00f9i l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh nh\u1eb9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 d\u1ea7u diesel. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o m\u00f9i \u0111\u1ec3 che l\u1ea5p m\u00f9i kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu. Gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian t\u1ea9y c\u1eb7n l\u00f2 ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

    \n\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tC\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0103n m\u00f2n nh\u1eb1m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n.<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t

    S\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda lu\u00f4n r\u00ecnh r\u1eadp. Trong c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n g\u00e2y \u0103n m\u00f2n. Hydrogen sulfide (H2<\/sub>S), axit clohydric (HCl) ho\u1eb7c axit flohydric (HF) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 trong nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u. HCl v\u00e0 H \u1edf d\u1ea1ng kh\u00ed2<\/sub>C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t S h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u0103n m\u00f2n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u1ed9 h\u00f2a tan c\u1ee7a hydro sunfua t\u0103ng khi pH t\u0103ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m. Kh\u00ed carbon dioxide ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c axit h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5.<\/p>

    X\u00fat th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t trung h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0103n m\u00f2n nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. X\u00fat c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ee9t do \u0103n m\u00f2n d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t (s\u1ef1 gi\u00f2n h\u00f3a do x\u00fat). C\u00e1c mu\u1ed1i natri c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p. \u0102n m\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0103n m\u00f2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0103n m\u00f2n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng amin trung h\u00f2a, amin t\u1ea1o m\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf oxy.<\/p>

    Ch\u1ea5t trung h\u00f2a ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t khi nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt axit \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5. Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng amin trung h\u00f2a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a amin v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i amin. C\u00e1c amin ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf m\u1ee9c xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc. C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng mu\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec7m pH t\u1ed1t. C\u00e1c amin ki\u1ec1m h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Kurita ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n axit n\u00e0o.\u00a0 Ch\u1ea5t amin trung h\u00f2a l\u00e0m t\u0103ng pH l\u00ean m\u1ee9c cao h\u01a1n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0103n m\u00f2n. C\u00e1c \u201cc\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u201d c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c amin c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00f4i cao v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00f4i th\u1ea5p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0103n m\u00f2n trong c\u1ea3 pha h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 pha n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>

    M\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf oxy s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n m\u00f2n khi x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi oxy \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh hydroxit s\u1eaft (III). S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ebd k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0103n m\u00f2n do oxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 oxy. \u0102n m\u00f2n do oxy th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c l\u00f2 h\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u1ea1o h\u01a1i pha lo\u00e3ng (DSG). Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, hydrazine \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0103n m\u00f2n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do c\u00f3 t\u00ednh g\u00e2y ung th\u01b0, ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia. C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 oxy r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Kurita r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 oxy c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ung th\u01b0, nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean.<\/p>

    C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o m\u00e0ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a Kurita c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0103n m\u00f2n. Ch\u00fang s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng c\u1ef1c m\u1ecfng. L\u1edbp m\u00e0ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u0103n m\u00f2n. N\u1ebfu l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c amin t\u1ea1o m\u00e0ng, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed oxy, ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n ki\u1ec1m. C\u00e1c amin t\u1ea1o m\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c amin ki\u1ec1m h\u00f3a.<\/p>

    Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0103n m\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a natri. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ee9t do \u0103n m\u00f2n d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t do natri g\u00e2y ra c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ed1c trong l\u00f2 t\u00e1ch h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0103n m\u00f2n do h\u1ee3p kim th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n nguy hi\u1ec3m trong d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed th\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nh\u1edd vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

    \n\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCh\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed b\u1ecdt c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1ecdt.<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t

    S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1ecdt trong c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed h\u00f2a tan v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch l\u1ecfng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd. S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1ecdt x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i giao di\u1ec7n kh\u00ed-l\u1ecfng. Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c c\u0103ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ea5p s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng gi\u00e3n n\u1edf. C\u00e1c hydrocacbon, h\u1ea1t nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 axit s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng xu h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1ecdt c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdt. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt bao g\u1ed3m gi\u1ea3m c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t, t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 t\u00e1ch pha.<\/p>

    C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng bao g\u1ed3m th\u00f9ng t\u00e1ch, c\u1ed9t ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1eed kh\u00ed v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1eed kh\u00ed axit trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ethylene r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t polymer r\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ecdt. S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1ecdt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u00e1p su\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng trong ph\u1ea7n r\u1eeda n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 mang theo mu\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau. Do \u0111\u00f3, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ebfu qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thu h\u1ed3i butadien th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecdt c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ea5t cao. \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i m\u00e0ng cao, \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt th\u1ec3 t\u00edch cao l\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ecdt. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn cao c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ecdt. Ch\u00fang s\u1ebd t\u00edch t\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i giao di\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng\/kh\u00ed. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u0103n kh\u00f4ng cho c\u00e1c bong b\u00f3ng h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u1ee1 ra.<\/p>

    C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u1ecdt hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. Ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed b\u1ecdt ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ecdt l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ecdt. Ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1ecdt. Ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e1 b\u1ecdt ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u00e1c bong b\u00f3ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. S\u1ef1 v\u1ee1 m\u00e0ng x\u1ea3y ra do di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gi\u1ea3m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 do b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh bong b\u00f3ng v\u1ee1 ra v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1edfi \u201cHi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Marangoni\u201d.<\/p>

    C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt c\u1ee7a Kurita l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (surfactants). C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c b\u1ecdt \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. Vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1ecdt m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n. C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ecdt c\u1ee7a Kurita th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n nhanh v\u00e0 t\u00ednh tr\u01a1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c c\u0103ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt. T\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng tan c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ecdt l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ecdt. C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 hai ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1ecdt. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00f2a tan r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p trong dung d\u1ecbch l\u1ecfng. Ch\u00fang x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o giao di\u1ec7n kh\u00ed\/l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung t\u1ea1i m\u00e0ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng l\u1ecfng tr\u00ean bong b\u00f3ng kh\u00ed. L\u1ef1c ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 b\u1ecdt cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c bong b\u00f3ng kh\u00ed v\u1ee1 ra.<\/p>

    Kurita cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ecdt v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea7u silicone, ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ecdt h\u1eefu c\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ecdt kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a silicone.<\/p>

    \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y, Kurita cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf c\u1eb7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 polyme. C\u00e1c ion c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o c\u1eb7n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd b\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft, ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u1ecfi n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1ea3 c\u1eb7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1eb7n trong n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i v\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng gia nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

    \n\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tC\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1 nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eb1m t\u00e1ch d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t

    Ethylene ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t, l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, n\u00e9n v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch. C\u00e1c kh\u00ed ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y n\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c trong c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u1ed9t l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u00e1t l\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n. C\u1ed9t l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. Nhi\u1ec7t d\u01b0 c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu h\u1ed3i th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i n\u00f3ng. Trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u00e1ch d\u1ea7u\/n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c hydrocacbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i. N\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u00e1ch d\u1ea7u\/n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u1ed9t l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>

    Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u1ea7u h\u00f2a tan v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u0169 h\u00f3a gi\u1eefa hydrocacbon v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch d\u1ea7u-n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c bao g\u1ed3m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng DSG v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb DOX (Dispersed Oil Extractor) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1eafp tr\u00ean khung di \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e0nh cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch d\u1ea7u-n\u01b0\u1edbc. D\u1ea7u nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn l\u01a1 l\u1eedng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb DOX \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 hydrocacbon xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 20 ppm ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay th\u1ebf v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a DOX.<\/p>

    C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e1 nh\u0169 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch hydrocarbon v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u00e1 li\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e1 nh\u0169. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia ph\u00e1 nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1 nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng quan s\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c quan. H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb h\u01a1i \u0111\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e0u s\u1eefa\/\u0111\u1ee5c.<\/p>

    Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ea7u trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. Kurita cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea5t t\u00e1ch nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao. C\u00e1c hydrocacbon th\u01b0\u1eddng mang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u00e2m tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Do l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y l\u1eabn nhau, c\u00e1c hydrocacbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt nh\u1ecf. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e1 nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng mang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch cation s\u1ebd trung h\u00f2a c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt d\u1ea7u mang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u00e2m. L\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt d\u1ea7u b\u1ecb suy y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt d\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp trung l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau. Ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e1 nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia ph\u00e1 nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1 nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch d\u1ea7u-n\u01b0\u1edbc bao g\u1ed3m ba b\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>

    1. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt nh\u1ecf thu\u1ed9c pha ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n (c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m).<\/p>

    2. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o kem l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c pha ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n.<\/p>

    3. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt d\u1ea7u t\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

    \n\t\t\t\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tC\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf c\u1eb7n b\u00e1m gi\u00fap t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u.<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t

    Trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n. C\u00e1c c\u1eb7n b\u00e1m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m trong d\u00f2ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a, tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p, l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n. C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng bao g\u1ed3m ethylene, acetylene, propylene, butadiene, styrene ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng b\u00e3o h\u00f2a kh\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf oxy ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a oxy s\u1ebd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t keo v\u00e0 polyme. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng khi c\u00e1c monome chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh polyme, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u201epolyme popcorn\u201c do b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n butadien. C\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean x\u1ea3y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n do tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ethylene v\u00e0 styrene.<\/p>

    \u1ede nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o c\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c hydrocacbon g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c l\u00f2 n\u1ee9t h\u01a1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n c\u1ed1c. C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t th\u01a1m \u0111a nh\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng (PNA) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 n\u1ee9t h\u01a1i. C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t PNA n\u00e0y s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed hydro \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u1ed1c.\u00a0 Trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n than c\u1ed1c. Vi\u1ec7c b\u01a1m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh h\u00f3a l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m c\u1eb7n than c\u1ed1c. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc pha lo\u00e3ng c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 n\u1ee9t h\u01a1i. DMS ho\u1eb7c DMDS l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u1ee9t h\u01a1i b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u1ea3 hai ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Cut Coke c\u1ee7a Kurita l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n trong vi\u1ec7c b\u01a1m c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t polysulfide t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh d\u1ea1ng polymer c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y gi\u00fap k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 n\u1ee9t h\u01a1i, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ethylene c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch.<\/p>

    S\u1ef1 b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 Aldol ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 Diels-Alder. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong nhi\u1ec1u quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n do tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ethylene v\u00e0 styrene. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1eb7n b\u00e1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. \u0110\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ethylene, c\u1ea7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n lan truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac. C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n c\u1ee7a Kurita l\u00e0m ng\u1eebng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do. Ch\u00fang ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n chu\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c g\u1ed1c hydro ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>

    Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ethylene, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n trong kh\u00ed th\u00f4 lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00ed ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn rung \u0111\u1ed9ng. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kinh nghi\u1ec7m t\u00edch l\u0169y qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7, Kurita \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t d\u00e0nh cho m\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00ed th\u00f4. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o polymer \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t diene nitrat nguy hi\u1ec3m trong ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ethylene.<\/p>

    Kurita \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n sao cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1eebng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t sao cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch:<\/p>

    • C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u1eaft g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do (ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do)<\/li>
    • Ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n<\/li>
    • Ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 oxy<\/li>
    • B\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/li>
    • Ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a<\/li>
    • Ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh kim lo\u1ea1i<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tC\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n d\u00e0nh cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda ki\u1ec1m.<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t

      Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ethylene \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Kh\u00ed t\u00e1ch ra ch\u1ee9a carbon dioxide v\u00e0 hydro sunfua, nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u1ecfi kh\u00ed t\u00e1ch. Hydro sunfua l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c b\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng hydro h\u00f3a. Carbon dioxide c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0o ethylene, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfp theo. C\u00e1c kh\u00ed axit n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda b\u1eb1ng dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m (NaOH) trong th\u00e1p r\u1eeda ki\u1ec1m. Th\u00e1p r\u1eeda ki\u1ec1m (caustic scrubber) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf ph\u00eda th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng n\u00e9n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>

      C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u1eeda ki\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean b\u1ecb b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n polymer. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u00ean trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb r\u1eeda ki\u1ec1m v\u00e0 trong b\u1ec3 oxy h\u00f3a ki\u1ec1m \u01b0\u1edbt l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cb\u00e1m c\u1eb7n th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecf\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cd\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecf\u201d. Vi\u1ec7c natri b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n theo sang giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e9n ti\u1ebfp theo kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 hi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u1edf ph\u00eda h\u1ea1 l\u01b0u. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 aldol v\u00e0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c diolefin C4 v\u00e0 C5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 aldol l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00fac t\u00e1c b\u1edfi baz\u01a1. Kh\u00ed ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t carbonyl nh\u01b0 aldehyde v\u00e0 ketone. S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a acetaldehyde trong d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y l\u00e0 kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>

      Ch\u1ea5t ki\u1ec1m lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t proton kh\u1ecfi ph\u00e2n t\u1eed aldehyde b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t carbanion. Carbanion n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u1eed aldehyde kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u00f3m aldol. Nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m aldehyde ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. C\u00e1c polyme t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i d\u00e0i h\u01a1n trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda ki\u1ec1m v\u00e0 v\u1eabn l\u01a1 l\u1eedng trong dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 aldol th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cD\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecf\u201d do c\u00f3 m\u00e0u t\u1eeb cam \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf. C\u00e1c polyme c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb kh\u00ed n\u1ee9t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5t \u00e1p v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1eb7n b\u1ea9n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng b\u00e3o h\u00f2a nh\u01b0 1,3-butadien c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u00f2a tan trong dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c oxit kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a oxy, nhi\u1ec1u polyme h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecf.<\/p>

      Kurita \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao nh\u1eb1m \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 aldol. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t polymer d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecf s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t polymer \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c polymer. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t b\u1eaft g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p do g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do g\u00e2y ra. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf quy tr\u00ecnh r\u1eeda b\u1eb1ng x\u0103ng \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea3i COD t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u0169ng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf x\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec5m natri trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng DSG.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

      \n\t\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPh\u1ee5 gia l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 kh\u1eed nhi\u1ec5m.<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t

      C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y l\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t, b\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch kh\u00ed, b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.\u00a0Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n bao g\u1ed3m gi\u1ea3m c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd, t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu h\u1ed3i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee5t \u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t. Vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 kh\u1eed c\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ho\u1eb7c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa.<\/p>

      Vi\u1ec7c ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 d\u1ea7u nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u n\u1eb7ng, m\u1ee1 b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n, nh\u1ef1a than ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf. C\u00e1c b\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a, c\u1ed9t ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t, b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ea3 h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 kh\u1eed kh\u00ed. C\u00e1c c\u1eb7n b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i. Hydrogen sulfide \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, hydrocacbon d\u1ec5 bay h\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c benzen g\u00e2y ung th\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng. Sulfide s\u1eaft (FeS) d\u1ec5 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, khay, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a. Do t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 ch\u00e1y, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Sulfua s\u1eaft c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 b\u1ed1c ch\u00e1y r\u1ea5t cao. Ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u1ecfa nhi\u1ec7t khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ch\u00e1y do FeS g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ec1u x\u1ea3y ra trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf ra \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra.<\/p>

      Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u1ed1i \u0111a vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 ch\u00e1y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t sunfua s\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c g\u00e2y ra r\u1ee7i ro s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe. C\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eed nhi\u1ec5m. Vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf benzen, sunfua s\u1eaft t\u1ef1 ch\u00e1y, hydro sunfua \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00ed nguy hi\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c an to\u00e0n. Ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n n\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1edbi (LEL).<\/p>

      Kurita cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111a d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda v\u00e0 kh\u1eed nhi\u1ec5m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda v\u00e0 kh\u1eed kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda v\u00e0 kh\u1eed kh\u00ed c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y. Vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf d\u1ea7u nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u n\u1eb7ng, nh\u1ef1a than, m\u1ee1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1m d\u00ednh c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch. Vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean.<\/p>

      Vi\u1ec7c thu h\u1ed3i nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 kh\u1eed kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a Kurita c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngay t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y. So v\u1edbi l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u00edt t\u1ed1n c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang t\u1eeb d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m Kurita CD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ea5m Packinox ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u1ed1ng Texas Tower \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a Kurita l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u khi c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t Packinox ho\u1eb7c Texas Tower.<\/p>

      Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 kh\u1eed nhi\u1ec5m c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1eed kh\u00ed s\u1ebd gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf kinh t\u1ebf r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn.<\/p>

      Kurita cung c\u1ea5p cho qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 kh\u1eed kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch. \u0110\u1ed9i ng\u0169 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch trong c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 kh\u1eed kh\u00ed. Theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb li\u00ean quan.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Kurita cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n cho nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":20645,"parent":13779,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_angie_page":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-13813","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPetrochemical - Kurita Southeast Asia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kurita delivers water treatment solutions for petrochemical processes to boost reliability, efficiency, and environmental compliance.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/vi\/quy-trinh-xu-ly\/hoa-dau\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Petrochemical - Kurita Southeast Asia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Kurita delivers water treatment solutions for petrochemical processes to boost reliability, efficiency, and environmental compliance.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/vi\/quy-trinh-xu-ly\/hoa-dau\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kurita Southeast Asia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-16T07:55:56+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/refinery-pic-1024x576.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"576\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"16 ph\u00fat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/process-treatment\/petrochemical\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/process-treatment\/petrochemical\/\",\"name\":\"Petrochemical - Kurita Southeast Asia\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/process-treatment\/petrochemical\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/process-treatment\/petrochemical\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/refinery-pic.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-04-24T12:58:17+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-16T07:55:56+00:00\",\"description\":\"Kurita delivers water treatment solutions for petrochemical processes to boost reliability, efficiency, and environmental compliance.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/process-treatment\/petrochemical\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/process-treatment\/petrochemical\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/process-treatment\/petrochemical\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/refinery-pic.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/refinery-pic.png\",\"width\":2560,\"height\":1440},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/process-treatment\/petrochemical\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Process Treatment\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/ms\/proses-rawatan\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Petrochemical\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/\",\"name\":\"Kurita Southeast Asia\",\"description\":\"Water Treatment Solutions\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"vi\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Kurita Southeast Asia\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/cropped-brand_mark_horizon_blue.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/cropped-brand_mark_horizon_blue.png\",\"width\":712,\"height\":204,\"caption\":\"Kurita Southeast Asia\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"H\u00f3a d\u1ea7u - Kurita \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1","description":"Kurita cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/vi\/quy-trinh-xu-ly\/hoa-dau\/","og_locale":"vi_VN","og_type":"article","og_title":"Petrochemical - Kurita Southeast Asia","og_description":"Kurita delivers water treatment solutions for petrochemical processes to boost reliability, efficiency, and environmental compliance.","og_url":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/vi\/quy-trinh-xu-ly\/hoa-dau\/","og_site_name":"Kurita Southeast Asia","article_modified_time":"2026-07-16T07:55:56+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":576,"url":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/refinery-pic-1024x576.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc":"16 ph\u00fat"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/process-treatment\/petrochemical\/","url":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/process-treatment\/petrochemical\/","name":"H\u00f3a d\u1ea7u - Kurita \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/process-treatment\/petrochemical\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/process-treatment\/petrochemical\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/refinery-pic.png","datePublished":"2025-04-24T12:58:17+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-16T07:55:56+00:00","description":"Kurita cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/process-treatment\/petrochemical\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"vi","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/process-treatment\/petrochemical\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"vi","@id":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/process-treatment\/petrochemical\/#primaryimage","url":"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/refinery-pic.png","contentUrl":"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/refinery-pic.png","width":2560,"height":1440},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/process-treatment\/petrochemical\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Process Treatment","item":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/ms\/proses-rawatan\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Petrochemical"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/","name":"Kurita \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1","description":"C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"vi"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/#organization","name":"Kurita \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1","url":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"vi","@id":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/cropped-brand_mark_horizon_blue.png","contentUrl":"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/cropped-brand_mark_horizon_blue.png","width":712,"height":204,"caption":"Kurita Southeast Asia"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13813","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13813"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13813\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20641,"href":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13813\/revisions\/20641"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13779"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20645"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/asean.kurita-water.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13813"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}